Dietary Habits, Anthropometric Features And Daily Performance In Two Independent Long Lived Populations From Nicoya Peninsula (Costa Rica) And Ogliastra (Sardinia)

This study examined the eating habits and daily functioning of exceptionally old people living in two "Blue Zones" - regions known for having many people who live to 100 or beyond. Researchers compared 60 people aged 80-109 from Costa Rica's Nicoya Peninsula with 150 people aged 90-101 from Sardinia's Ogliastra region, using food questionnaires and tests of daily living skills.

The findings revealed that both populations follow remarkably similar dietary patterns despite being geographically distant. Plant-based foods form the foundation of their diets, with cereals eaten daily by 60-80% of participants and legumes consumed daily by over 80% in Costa Rica and 2-5 times weekly by 60% in Sardinia. However, contrary to purely plant-based diets, these long-lived individuals also regularly consume animal products, particularly dairy and meat, with 60-80% eating these foods daily.

Interestingly, the researchers found that milk consumption was associated with better ability to perform both basic daily tasks (like bathing and dressing) and more complex activities (like managing finances). This suggests that certain foods may contribute not just to longevity, but to maintaining independence and quality of life in advanced age.

For metabolic health, this research suggests that the healthiest aging may come from a predominantly plant-based diet that includes moderate amounts of high-quality animal products, rather than extreme dietary restrictions. At VALIA Health, this evidence supports our personalized approach to nutrition planning that emphasizes whole foods while considering individual needs and preferences for sustainable, long-term health outcomes.